Compulsory secondary education
Normative
The regulations governing the E. S. O. since the academic year 2007/2008 is the L. O. E. (Organic Law of Education) and the Decrees and Orders that develop it, which in Andalusia are:
- Decree 231/2007 (BOJA No 156 of 8 August 2007)
- Order of August 10, 2007 developing the curriculum (BOJA nº 171 of August 30, 2007)
- Order of 10 August 2007 regulating evaluation (BOJA no. 166 of 23 August 2007)
- Instructions of 17-12-2007 of the Directorate General for Educational Planning and Evaluation, which complements the regulations on the evaluation of the learning process of students in Compulsory Secondary Education.
The aim of this stage is to ensure that students acquire the basic elements of culture, especially in its humanistic, artistic, scientific and technological aspects; to develop and consolidate study and work habits; to prepare them for higher education and for their labour market insertion; and to train them to exercise their rights and obligations in life as citizens.
General Rules of the Stage Management
Compulsory secondary education is compulsory and free of charge and constitutes, together with primary education, basic education. It comprises four academic years, which will ordinarily be followed between the ages of twelve and sixteen. In general, students will have the right to remain in regular school until they reach the age of eighteen in the year in which the course ends.
Compulsory secondary education is organized into different subjects. The fourth course will be of a guiding nature, both for post-compulsory studies and for entry into working life.
Compulsory secondary education shall be organized according to the principles of common education and attention to student diversity.
To this end, special emphasis will be placed on the acquisition of basic skills, on the detection and treatment of learning difficulties as soon as they occur, on tutoring and educational guidance for students and on the relationship with families to support the educational process of their children.
Compulsory secondary education shall be coordinated with primary education and with subsequent stages of the education system in order to ensure an appropriate transition of pupils between them and to facilitate the continuity of their educational process.
The educational action in compulsory secondary education will seek the integration of the different experiences and learning experiences of the students and will be adapted to their work rhythms.
The educational action in compulsory secondary education will pay special attention to those areas of knowledge that have an instrumental character.
Evaluation
The evaluation of the student learning process will be continuous and differentiated according to the different subjects of the curriculum.
This evaluation will be carried out by the teaching staff, taking into account the different elements of the curriculum, preferably by means of continuous observation of the evolution of the learning process of each student and of his or her personal maturation, without prejudice to any tests that may be carried out by the students. In any case, the criteria for evaluating the subjects will be a fundamental reference point for assessing both the degree of acquisition of the basic skills and the achievement of the objectives.
The teaching team, coordinated by the mentor, will act in a collegial manner throughout the evaluation process and in the adoption of the decisions resulting from it.
In the process of continuous assessment, when the progress of a student is not adequate, educational reinforcement measures will be established. These measures will be adopted at any time during the course, as soon as the difficulties are detected, and will be aimed at guaranteeing the acquisition of the necessary learning to continue the educational process.
Likewise, the competent Department of Education shall establish by Order the obligation of the teaching staff to evaluate both the student’s learning and the teaching processes and their own teaching practice.
Promotion of Students
At the end of each of the courses of the stage and as a consequence of the evaluation process, the teaching team will make the corresponding decisions on the promotion of the students to the following course.
Decisions on the promotion of students from one course to another within the stage will be taken collegially by the teaching team, with the advice of the guidance department, taking into account the acquisition of basic skills and the achievement of objectives. The schools shall establish in their educational projects the manner in which the pupil and his or her parent or legal guardian may be heard.
Promotion to the next course will be given when the objectives of the subjects studied have been exceeded or there is a negative evaluation in a maximum of two subjects, and the course will be repeated with a negative evaluation in three or more subjects. Exceptionally, promotion with negative evaluation in three subjects may be authorized when the teaching team considers that the nature of its difficulties does not prevent it from successfully following the following course, that it has favourable expectations of recovery, based on the basic skills achieved, and that such promotion will benefit its academic evolution.
Whoever promotes without having passed all the subjects will follow a reinforcement programme aimed at recovering the learning not acquired and will have to pass the evaluation corresponding to this programme. This circumstance will be taken into account for the purposes of the grading of the subjects not passed, as well as for the purposes of promotion and, where appropriate, obtaining the degree.
It is the responsibility of the teaching departments to organise these reinforcement programmes. Students and their parents or guardians will be informed at the beginning of the school year.
Those who do not promote must remain in the same course for another year. This measure shall be accompanied by a specific personalised plan aimed at overcoming the difficulties identified in the previous year. The educational centres shall organise this plan in accordance with the provisions established for this purpose by order of the competent Department of Education.
Students may repeat the same course only once and not more than twice within the stage. Exceptionally, you may repeat a second time in the fourth grade if you have not repeated in previous years of the stage. If the second repetition is to occur in the last course of the stage, the age limit shall be extended by one year.
In order to make it easier for students to make up for the negative evaluation of subjects, the conditions will be determined by order of the Department responsible for education and the procedure will be regulated so that schools can organise the appropriate extraordinary tests in each of the courses during the month of September.
Qualification
Students who pass all the subjects of the stage will obtain the degree of Graduate in Compulsory Secondary Education. Likewise, students who have finished the course with negative evaluation in one or two subjects, and exceptionally in three, may also obtain this degree, provided that the teaching team considers that the nature and weight of the same throughout the stage has not prevented them from achieving the basic competences and objectives of the stage.
The decision on whether to obtain the qualification will be taken by the teaching team, with the advice of the guidance department. The schools shall establish in their educational projects the manner in which the pupil and his or her parent or legal guardian may be heard.
Students who study in programs of curricular diversification will obtain the Graduate Degree in Compulsory Secondary Education if they pass all the areas and subjects that make up the program. Likewise, students who, having passed both areas, have a negative evaluation in one or two subjects, and exceptionally in three, may also obtain this qualification, provided that in the opinion of the teaching team they have achieved the basic competences and objectives of the stage. The average grade in the ESO file for students in a curriculum diversification programme will be calculated taking into account only the subjects in that programme.
Students who, at the end of the stage, have not obtained the Graduate Degree in Compulsory Secondary Education and are of the maximum schooling age will have an annual call for tests to pass those subjects pending a positive grade, in accordance with what is established for this purpose by Order by the competent Department of Education, provided that the number of these does not exceed five.
Students who attend compulsory secondary education and do not obtain the qualification will receive an education certificate stating the years and subjects completed.
Qualification
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